#4 Stone vs Topsoil: Size, Cost, and Which to Use

#4 Stone

Sieve size #4 in the ASTM aggregate grading means most of the stone passes a 1.5-inch screen and stays on a 3/4-inch screen. In practice you get a pile of roughly walnut to golf ball sized rock. Every piece is angular because it was crushed, and those sharp edges lock together under load instead of rolling like river stone. Because it is washed or screened clean, there are no fines to fill the gaps between pieces. That is the whole point: about 35 to 40 percent of a pile of #4 is air, so water moves through it fast.

Topsoil

Nutrient-rich upper layer of soil, ideal for establishing lawns, gardens, and planting beds. Quality topsoil is dark, crumbly, and full of organic matter that supports plant growth. Screened topsoil has been filtered to remove rocks, roots, and debris.

#4 Stone

• ✓ Driveway and road base
• ✓ Drainage beds
• ✓ Retaining wall backfill
• ✓ Construction entrance pads
• ✓ Pipe bedding for large pipe
• ✓ Erosion control

Topsoil

• ✓ Lawn seeding
• ✓ Garden beds
• ✓ Raised bed fill
• ✓ Landscape grading
• ✓ Sod installation
• ✓ Tree and shrub planting

#4 Stone

• + Excellent drainage with 35 to 40 percent void space
• + Bridges soft ground better than smaller stone
• + Cheap, $20 to $40 per ton, and stocked everywhere
• + Angular pieces lock together under load
• + Same price as #57 with more drainage capacity

• − Too coarse to walk on or drive on as a surface
• − Needs a finer cap layer for any traffic
• − Hard to rake and spread by hand
• − Sinks into soft clay without fabric

Topsoil

• + Rich in nutrients for plant growth
• + Creates ideal growing medium
• + Dark color absorbs warmth for earlier spring planting
• + Screened options are ready to use
• + Essential for any planting project

• − Settles significantly after delivery
• − Quality varies greatly between suppliers
• − Can contain weed seeds
• − Heavy when wet
• − Should never be used as structural fill

#4 Stone

#4 stone is crushed rock screened to pieces between 1 and 1.5 inches, with some quarries running it up to 2 inches. It is angular with sharp fractured faces. Color follows the quarry: gray or blue-gray limestone in the Midwest and Northeast, gray to pink granite in the Southeast, tan limestone in Texas.

Topsoil

Fine, crumbly soil texture when screened. Dark brown to black color indicates high organic content. "Screened" topsoil has been run through a 3/8" or 1/2" screen to remove debris. Blended topsoil may include compost for extra nutrients.